Prevalence and risk factors of early gestational diabetes mellitus (EGDM) in Indians: the STRiDE study.
Hannah, Wesley Deepa, Mohan Ram, Uma Versace, Vincent L Mc Namara, Kevin Martin, Erik Hemavathy, Saite Mohaneswari, Duraivel Shivashri, Chockalingam Dasari, Paapa
Hannah, Wesley
Deepa, Mohan
Ram, Uma
Versace, Vincent L
Mc Namara, Kevin
Martin, Erik
Hemavathy, Saite
Mohaneswari, Duraivel
Shivashri, Chockalingam
Dasari, Paapa
Abstract
AIM: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is usually diagnosed between 24-28 weeks (late GDM, LGDM). When diagnosed before 20 weeks, it is termed early GDM (EGDM). This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of EGDM compared to LGDM in Asian Indian women.
METHODS: STratification of Risk of Diabetes in Early pregnancy (STRiDE), a prospective cohort study recruited 3,070 pregnant women before 16 weeks gestation across seven antenatal clinics in South India. Of these, 2,703 underwent early screening using fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Women with normal FPG underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks. Participants were classified into EGDM (FPG 92-125 mg/dL), LGDM (FPG < 92 mg/dL and abnormal OGTT), and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Prevalence and risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Prevalence of EGDM and LGDM were 21.5 % and 19.5 %, respectively. Compared to LGDM, EGDM women had higher early pregnancy weight (63.9 vs. 61.2 kg), BMI (25.8 vs. 25.0 kg/m), HbA1c (5.3 % vs. 5.1 %), and previous history of GDM (8.5 % vs. 5.3 %). Previous history of GDM was associated with EGDM, whereas family history of diabetes was associated with LGDM risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Women with EGDM have a unique metabolic profile and different risk factors compared to those with LGDM.
MIDER Authors
Affiliations
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India; Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Seethapathy Clinic and Hospital, Chennai, India; Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait; University of Warwick, Coventry; George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust, Nuneaton; et al.
Date
2025-11-26
Type
Article
Collections
Citation
Hannah W, Deepa M, Ram U, Versace VL, Mc Namara K, Martin E, Hemavathy S, Mohaneswari D, Shivashri C, Dasari P, Sagili H, Surapaneni T, Ghebremichael-Weldeselassie Y, Anjana RM, Saravanan P, Mohan V. Prevalence and risk factors of early gestational diabetes mellitus (EGDM) in Indians: The STRiDE study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2026 Jan;231:113023. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.113023. Epub 2025 Nov 26.