Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID: a review.
Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee Hughes, Sarah E Turner, Grace Rivera, Samantha Cruz McMullan, Christel Chandan, Joht Singh Haroon, Shamil Price, Gary Davies, Elin Haf Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah
Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
Hughes, Sarah E
Turner, Grace
Rivera, Samantha Cruz
McMullan, Christel
Chandan, Joht Singh
Haroon, Shamil
Price, Gary
Davies, Elin Haf
Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah
Abstract
Globally, there are now over 160 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 3 million deaths. While the majority of infected individuals recover, a significant proportion continue to experience symptoms and complications after their acute illness. Patients with 'long COVID' experience a wide range of physical and mental/psychological symptoms. Pooled prevalence data showed the 10 most prevalent reported symptoms were fatigue, shortness of breath, muscle pain, joint pain, headache, cough, chest pain, altered smell, altered taste and diarrhoea. Other common symptoms were cognitive impairment, memory loss, anxiety and sleep disorders. Beyond symptoms and complications, people with long COVID often reported impaired quality of life, mental health and employment issues. These individuals may require multidisciplinary care involving the long-term monitoring of symptoms, to identify potential complications, physical rehabilitation, mental health and social services support. Resilient healthcare systems are needed to ensure efficient and effective responses to future health challenges.
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Date
2021-07-15
Type
Article
Other
Other
Subject
Public health. Health statistics. Occupational health. Health education, Communicable diseases
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Citation
Aiyegbusi OL, Hughes SE, Turner G, Rivera SC, McMullan C, Chandan JS, Haroon S, Price G, Davies EH, Nirantharakumar K, Sapey E, Calvert MJ; TLC Study Group. Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID: a review. J R Soc Med. 2021 Sep;114(9):428-442. doi: 10.1177/01410768211032850. Epub 2021 Jul 15
Journal / Source Title
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
DOI
PMID
Publisher
Sage
Publisher’s URL
https://journals.sagepub.com/home/jrs