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Prevalence and factors associated with restraints in mental health in-patient wards
Senthil, Sophia Jha, Mithilesh Kumar, Praveen
Senthil, Sophia
Jha, Mithilesh
Kumar, Praveen
Abstract
AIMS AND METHOD: Restraints in mental health in-patient settings can negatively affect recovery. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of restraint use. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a rural NHS mental health trust in the UK, covering all adult in-patients from July 2020 to July 2021. RESULTS: The prevalence of restraint was 34%. Factors associated with restraint included age 18-25 or ≥65 years, female gender, disability, long-term sickness benefits, detention under the Mental Health Act, frequent admissions and a diagnosis of depressive or severe mental illness. Statistically significant associations were found for age ≥65 years (odds ratio 3.920), Section 2 detention (odds ratio 5.72), more than ten previous admissions (odds ratio 5.672) and depressive disorders (odds ratio 3.478). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Restraint use remains common and is linked to identifiable risk factors. These findings support the need for targeted interventions to reduce restraint, particularly for high-risk patient groups.
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Date
2025
Type
Article
Subject
Psychiatric hospitals, Physical restraint, Inpatients
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Citation
Senthil, S., Jha, M. & Kumar, P. (2025). Prevalence and factors associated with restraints in mental health in-patient wards. BJPsych Bulletin, DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2025.10164.
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Cambridge University Press
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by
Cambridge University Press on behalf of
Royal College of Psychiatrists. This is an
Open Access article, distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution licence (https://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.
0/), which permits unrestricted re-use,
distribution and reproduction, provided
the original article is properly cited.
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