Impaired recollection-based episodic memory as a cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia
Katshu, Mohammad Z.
Katshu, Mohammad Z.
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONPatients with schizophrenia show impaired recollection but largely preserved familiarity-based episodic memory. This study was done to clarify the endophenotypic nature of recollection and familiarity-based episodic memory in schizophrenia and the role of emotional valence of memoranda and degree of recall confidence in it.METHODTwenty-five patients with schizophrenia, one unaffected sibling of each patient, and twenty-three healthy controls completed two tasks assessing recollection and familiarity-based processes in episodic memory. In the first task, participants were asked to remember positive, negative, and neutral emotional valence words in a remember-know paradigm. In the second task, in addition to recollection and familiarity-based responses, participants were asked to make confidence judgments about their responses.RESULTSPatients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FDRs) performed poorly on recollection but not familiarity-based responses, compared to healthy controls; performance of first-degree relatives was in between and significantly different from that of both patients and controls. The differences in recollection and familiarity-based responses across the three groups were not moderated by recall confidence judgments or emotional valence of memoranda. Furthermore, there was no correlation between recollection-based memory impairments and duration or severity of illness or current medication exposure.CONCLUSIONSImpaired recollection-based memory constitutes a potential cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia. Furthermore, selective impairment of recollection-based, but sparing of familiarity-based, memory in patients and their FDRs supports the distinct nature of recollection and familiarity-based episodic memories.
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Date
2020
Type
Article
Subject
Schizophrenia, Memory
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Citation
Abhishek, P., Nizamie, S. H., Jahan, M., Kumar, D., Goyal, N., Pachori, H. & Katshu, M. Z. (2020). Impaired recollection-based episodic memory as a cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 42(8), pp. 759-770.