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Correlation between hemoglobin levels and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with myocardial infarction
Bajwa, Ali Khalid, Muhammed Yasir, Muhammed Javed, Hamza Zahid, Muhammed Sandhu, Arshbeer Soomro, Babar Bibi, Somia Nisar, Mudassar Usman, Zoya
Bajwa, Ali
Khalid, Muhammed
Yasir, Muhammed
Javed, Hamza
Zahid, Muhammed
Sandhu, Arshbeer
Soomro, Babar
Bibi, Somia
Nisar, Mudassar
Usman, Zoya
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of mortality around the globe. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and CAD severity in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Methodology This retrospective study was conducted among 265 MI patients at Jinnah Hospital's Cardiology Unit, Lahore, Pakistan, between March 2022 and March 2023. Consecutive sampling and predefined criteria guided patient enrollment. A predefined proforma collected patient data from the medical record, which was then categorized into non-severe CAD and severe CAD groups based on Gensini scores. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare variables between the groups. Pearson's correlation coefficient determined the Hb level and CAD severity relationship, while linear regression analysis assessed the Hb level's predictive value for CAD severity. A p-value <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 25 (Released 2017; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results Of 265 patients, 170 (64.15%) had non-severe CAD and 95 (35.85%) had severe CAD. The frequency of anemia was also high (n = 142, 53.58%) in the study population. Patients with severe CAD had significantly lower Hb levels (10.12 ± 3.42 g/dL) compared to those with non-severe CAD (12.89 ± 1.90 g/dL). Significant differences were noted in Gensini scores (p < 0.001) and Hb levels (p < 0.001) between the study groups. A strong negative correlation was noted between Hb levels and CAD severity (r = -0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.76 to -0.70, p = 0.001). Regression analysis validated Hb level as a significant determinant of CAD severity (negative unstandardized coefficient = -3.10, standardized coefficient = -0.72, 95% CI = -4.90 to -1.50, p = 0.001, R² = 0.46). Conclusions This study presented a significant inverse association between Hb levels and CAD severity in MI patients. Lower Hb levels were correlated with more severe CAD, suggesting its potential as a risk marker and clinical instrument for identifying high-risk patients, facilitating prompt interventions, and guiding therapy.
MIDER Authors
Date
2025-12-23
Type
Article
Subject
Cardiology, Myocardial Infarction
Collections
Citation
Khalid MU, Bajwa A, Yasir M, Javed H, Zahid MB, Sandhu AS, Soomro B, Bibi S, Nisar M, Usman Z, Khalid M. Correlation Between Hemoglobin Levels and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Myocardial Infarction. Cureus. 2025 Dec 23;17(12):e99929. doi: 10.7759/cureus.99929
Journal / Source Title
Cureus
DOI
10.7759/cureus.99929
PMID
41583260
Publisher
Springer Nature
Publisher’s URL
Publisher’s statement
Khalid et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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