Discriminatory ability of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry to identify patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and predict prognosis
Nazareth, Joshua Pan, Daniel Bird, Paul Tang, Julian Williams, Caroline Pareek, Manish Sahota, Amandip
Nazareth, Joshua
Pan, Daniel
Bird, Paul
Tang, Julian
Williams, Caroline
Pareek, Manish
Sahota, Amandip
Abstract
Background: Rapid diagnostic and prognostic tests for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are urgently required. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic ability of breath analysis using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Methods: Between February and May 2021, we took 1 breath sample for analysis using GC-IMS from participants who were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19, participants who were admitted to the hospital for other respiratory infections, and symptom-free controls, at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, United Kingdom. Demographic, clinical, and radiological data, including requirement for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation as a marker for severe disease in the COVID-19 group, were collected.
Results: A total of 113 participants were recruited into the study. Seventy-two (64%) were diagnosed with COVID-19, 20 (18%) were diagnosed with another respiratory infection, and 21 (19%) were healthy controls. Differentiation between participants with COVID-19 and those with other respiratory tract infections with GC-IMS was highly accurate (sensitivity/specificity, 0.80/0.88; area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUROC], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.96). GC-IMS was also moderately accurate at identifying those who subsequently required CPAP (sensitivity/specificity, 0.62/0.80; AUROC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.53-0.87).
Conclusions: GC-IMS shows promise as both a diagnostic tool and a predictor of prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and should be assessed further in larger studies.
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Date
2022-10-01
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Nazareth, J., Pan, D., Kim, J. W., Leach, J., Brosnan, J. G., Ahmed, A., Brodrick, E., Bird, P., Wicaksono, A., Daulton, E., Tang, J. W., Williams, C., Haldar, P., Covington, J. A., Pareek, M., & Sahota, A. (2022). Discriminatory Ability of Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry to Identify Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 and Predict Prognosis. Open forum infectious diseases, 9(11), ofac509. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac509